Ethnic Heritage Ensemble was founded in 1973 by percussionist Kahil El'Zabar. Their creative M.O. combines Black American musical styles -- jazz, blues, R&B, funk, and gospel -- with African folk and dance traditions. They've issued nearly two dozen albums on a variety of labels and toured the globe often. The original lineup of El'Zabar, with saxophonist/multi-instrumentalists Edward Wilkerson, Jr. and later, "Light" Henry Huff, issued Three Gentlemen from Chikago in 1981. Trombonist Joseph Bowie joined the trio replacing Huff for 1988's Ancestral Song: Live from Stockholm; Bowie remained until 2005. Chameleon released their U.S. debut, Dance with the Ancestors in 1993. They issued recordings for CIMP and Silkheart, and three albums for Chicago's Delmark label: 1997's The Continuum, 1999's Freedom Jazz Dance, and 2007's Hot 'N' Heavy: Live at the Ascension Loft. Their 35th and 40th anniversary recordings appeared on Chicago's AACM-affiliated Katalyst Entertainment in 2009 and 2014, respectively. They signed to independent Spiritmuse Records for 2019's Be Known: Ancient/Future/Music, 2023's Spirit Gatherer: Tribute to Don Cherry, and Open Me, A Higher Consciousness of Sound and Spirit, the latter in celebration of their 50th anniversary.

The Ethnic Heritage Ensemble was formed shortly after percussionist Kahil El'Zabar graduated from the school of the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians (AACM) in 1973, with tenor saxophonist Edward Wilkerson, Jr. They sought to compose and play music that combined contemporary African-American musical styles, including jazz, blues, and R&B, with traditional African instrumentation and rhythms. They often performed as a trio utilizing the talents of AACM saxophonists Kalaparusha Maurice McIntyre, and "Light" Henry Huff.

While they played in Chicago and New York stateside, they spent the majority of their time touring in Europe. Europeans loved the band's polyrhythmic sound. Ethnic Heritage Ensemble -- as a trio with Huff -- released their debut album, Three Gentlemen from Chikago (sic), on Germany's Moers Music in 1981 and went right back to touring Europe. Impressions, a two-sided improvisation, was released by Italy's Red in 1982. Saxophonist McIntyre replaced Huff on tour and recorded 1984's Welcome for Finnish Leo Records with producer/musician Edward Vesala.

Trombonist Joseph Bowie (brother of trumpeter Lester Bowie) had been leading the eclectic Defunkt since 1978. A decade later, he continued to lead them and joined the ranks of Ethnic Heritage Ensemble, where he remained for nearly two decades. His first recorded outing with El'Zabar and Wilkerson was 1988's Ancestral Song: Live from Stockholm. The previous year, the saxophonist founded 8 Bold Souls, who issued their eponymous debut album in 1987.

Over the next three years, EHE toured Europe, played jazz festivals in North America, Asia, and Europe, and in off periods worked with their respective outfits -- the percussionist formed the concurrent, ever-evolving Kalil El'Zabar's Ritual Trio, who issued Another Kind of Groove in 1987 (with Billy Bang and Malachi Favors), Sacred Love (with Lester Bowie, Favors, and Raphael Garret) in 1988 and Alika Rising at Leverkusener Jazztage in 1990 with Favors and saxophonist Ari Brown. He also recorded with David Murray and Wadada Leo Smith.

In 1990 El'Zabar, Wilkerson and Bowie worked on an album live in studio at ACME Recording in Chicago; they released the session as Hang Tuff for Germany's Open Minds the following year. It was their fifth consecutive release on a European label.

1993 saw their first recording on an American label, Dance with the Ancestors, recorded for Elektra's Chameleon Records. It won exceptional reviews from American jazz critics in addition to their Asian and European counterparts. The trio toured Europe, Asia, and the U.S. in support. Meanwhile, the Kalil El'Zabar's Ritual Trio released Renaissance of the Resistance in 1994, Big Cliff in 1995, and Jitterbug Junction in 1997.

In 1997, Wilkerson was replaced by Ernest "Khabeer" Dawkins after the releases of The Continuum (Delmark) and 21st Century Union March (Silkheart). Dawkins made his debut on 1998's Papa's Bounce (CIMP), and 1999's Freedom Jazz Dance (Delmark), that also featured Chicago jazz guitar legend Fareed Haque. The album was lauded for continuing EHE's tradition of making thoroughly modern music filtered through an ancestral spirit.

El'Zabar's Ritual Trio was as active as EHE. Between 1999 and 2008, they released Conversations with Archie Shepp, Africa N'da Blues and Ooh Live! with Pharoah Sanders, and Live at the River East Art Center and Big M: A Tribute to Malachi Favors, both on Bang. In 2000, EHE released Ka-Real on Silkheart; it was Bowie's final studio album with the band, although he recorded two studio singles in 2004 -- "Ancestral Song" and "Running in the Streets" -- and played the concert for 2005's 30th Anniversary. In 2007, EHE released Hot 'N' Heavy: Live at the Ascension Loft on Delmark. It showcased new trumpeter Corey Wilkes replacing Bowie, along with hired gun Haque on guitars. 2009's Mama's House Live: 35th Anniversary Project and 2014's Black Is Back (40th Anniversary Project) both appeared from Chicago's AACM-affiliated Katalyst Entertainment label.

Ethnic Heritage Ensemble toured relentlessly, and in off hours its members worked sessions and toured as sidemen. They signed with London's Spiritmuse Records in 2018 and released Be Known: Ancient/Future/Music in 2019 as a quartet with Wilkes and El'Zabar, bolstered by baritone saxophonist Alex Harding and cellist Ian Maksin. The percussionist followed quickly with Spirit Groove, leading a quartet with David Murray as featured soloist. In October 2020, during a short break in the pandemic, El'Zabar issued the star-studded America the Beautiful that included guests Hamiet Bluiett and Tomeka Reid, among others, in a program of covers and standards.

Two years later, just as EHE reassembled to tour, the Kahil El'Zabar Quartet -- Wilkes, saxophonist Isaiah Collier, and keyboardist Justin Dillard -- released A Time for Healing, and in 2023, Spiritmuse assembled Ethnic Heritage Ensemble with featured guest vocalist Dwight Trible and pianist/composer/multi-instrumentalist David Ornette Cherry to record and release Spirit Gatherer: Tribute to Don Cherry; it received laudatory global notice.

In March 2024, EHE celebrated its 50th anniversary by releasing Open Me, A Higher Consciousness of Sound and Spirit. The trio of El'Zabar, Wilkes, and Harding were joined by cellist Ishmael Ali and violinist/violist James Sanders. The track list offered eight El'Zabar originals interspersed with covers of folk songs, and tunes by Miles Davis, Gene McDaniels, and McCoy Tyner. It marked EHE's sixth recording for Spiritmuse in five years. ~ Thom Jurek & Stacia Proefrock

Since the 1970s, percussionist, drummer, composer, and bandleader Kahil El'Zabar has established himself as a prolific jazz innovator. Regarded by critics as a "renaissance man," his musical style embraces folkloric, spiritual, and musical traditions from ancient Africa that he integrates with music and culture from the modern world. Among his creative vehicles are the Ethnic Heritage Ensemble and Ritual Trio; he has also issued numerous solo and collaborative projects. He founded the Ethnic Heritage Ensemble and Ritual Trio (both remain active), played alongside jazz greats Dizzy Gillespie and Cannonball Adderley, worked in the bands of Stevie Wonder, Nina Simone (whom he also designed clothes for), and Paul Simon, worked with indie rock bands, and headed up the groundbreaking jazz/house music outfit JUBA Collective. Key albums include the EHE's debut, Three Gentlemen from Chicago in 1981, Ritual Trio's 1985 debut The Ritual, and 2000's Africa N'Da Blues with Archie Shepp, Ari Brown, Malachi Favors, and Pharoah Sanders. 2007's solo outing Transmigration was acclaimed as a new chapter for the veteran artist. In 2014, Black Is Back showcased a more spacious aspect of EHE's sound. In 2017, El'Zabar was the subject of the Dwayne Johnson-Cochran documentary Be Known: The Mystery of Kahil El Zabar.

El'Zabar was born Clifton Blackburn in Chicago in 1953. The son of a drummer, he took to music at an early age, and was playing with members of the Art Ensemble of Chicago by the time he was in his teens. At 18, in 1968, he joined the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians (AACM). While attending college during the early '70s, El'Zabar was given the opportunity to study mime with Marcel Marceau in Paris, but opted to use the money to study music and African cultures in Ghana instead. He started the Ethnic Heritage Ensemble upon his return in 1973. In 1975, he became the AACM's chairman. He made his recording debut with the album Live Without Fear by South Side jazz improv group Infinite Spirit Music in 1980. EHE couldn't find a U.S. label willing to record them, so their first three albums were released in Europe: Three Gentlemen from Chicago appeared from Germany's Moers Music in 1981, Impressions from Italy's Red Records in 1982, and England's Leo Records released 1984's Welcome. In 1985, Sound Aspects issued the first two recordings by Ritual Trio: The Ritual and Sacred Love. In 1986, the label released Another Kind of Groove, featuring Billy Bang as a collaborator. El'Zabar was on the road almost constantly during these years, playing more in Europe and Asia than at home. As the '80s closed, El'Zabar issued his first headline date, Golden Sea, in collaboration with David Murray. He was also chosen to do the arranging for the stage performances of The Lion King. As busy as the '80s were for El'Zabar, the '90s kicked up the intensity level. In all, he issued no less than 17 albums that bore his name during the decade, including such critically acclaimed outings as EHE's Dance with the Ancestors (1993), The Continuum (1997), and Freedom Jazz Dance with guitarist Fareed Haque (1999).

El'Zabar had established a relationship with Chicago's longstanding Delmark label in 1994, beginning with Ritual Trio's Renaissance of the Resistance and following with Big Cliff (featuring Billy Bang, 1995) and Conversations (1999), with Archie Shepp, Ari Brown, and Malachi Favors. He also branched out to acting in the '90s, appearing in the films Mo' Money and Love Jones, and scoring How U Like Me Now.

In 2000, El'Zabar kicked off the decade with a bang by issuing three albums: One World Family in collaboration with Murray; Ritual Trio's Africa N'Da Blues with Archie Shepp, Ari Brown, Malachi Favors, and Pharoah Sanders, and EHE's Ka-Real. He also co-founded the trio Tri-Factor with Bang and Hamiet Blueitt, and they released The Power for CIMP in 2000 and If You Believe in 2002. He was regularly touring the States, Europe, and Asia. El'Zabar issued four more albums as a leader or co-leader during the decade, including 2001's Spirits Entering with Bang. In 2004, he was named Chicagoan of the Year by the Chicago Tribune. Love Outside of Dreams with Murray and Fred Hopkins, and Transmigration in 2007. El'Zabar and Ethnic Heritage Ensemble were followed and filmed during their Black History Month tour by filmmaker Dwayne Johnson-Cochran. It would be a decade before the film was issued. EHE and Ritual Trio were also quite active during the first ten years of the new century. The former issued Hot 'N' Heavy (2007), Mama's House (2009), and Black Is Back (2014), while the latter issued Big M: A Tribute to Malachi Favors with (2006), and Ooh Live with Sanders in 2008.

In 2010, El'Zabar and Ritual Trio released The Ancestors Are Amongst Us for Katalyst followed by What It Is! from Delmark from the Kahil El'Zabar Quartet with tenor saxophonist Kevin Nabors, pianist Justin Dillard, and bassist Junius Paul (all younger members of the AACM). In 2011, Kahil El'Zabar's Ethnics featuring Nona Hendryx released It's Time. In 2014, EHE released Black Is Back, their 40th anniversary project for Katalyst. El'Zabar's music was evolving, becoming more attuned to hip-hop and other urban sensibilities and included them as he expanded the depth and breadth of his aesthetic to embrace the complete spectrum of sounds of the African Diaspora. El'Zabar spent the next few years working in academia, as well as touring and composing.

2017 finally saw the release of Johnson-Cochran's documentary. Entitled Be Known: The Mystery of Kahil El Zabar, it was released to universal acclaim on the festival circuit. Two years later, El'Zabar began a working relationship with the U.K. label Spiritmuse Records and released the Ethnic Heritage Ensemble's Be Known: Ancient / Future / Music, which drew rave reviews from independent English publications celebrating the new directions and hybrids of British jazz in London as well as other European and Stateside journals and magazines.

El'Zabar's second offering for Spiritmuse Records was 2020's solo outing Spirit Groove, featuring Murray, upright bassist Emma Dayhuff, and Justin Dillard on synth, piano, and organ. In October, El'Zabar followed --just in time for the American election season --with the poignant, topical America the Beautiful. El'Zabar employed an extended ensemble of woodwinds, brass, strings, and Afro-percussion by a cast that included Corey Wilkes, Tomeka Reid, James Sanders, Josh Ramos, Miguel de la Cerna, Ernie Adams, and Hamiet Bluiett (to whom this album is dedicated, as this was his final recording). In addition to a unique reworking of the hallowed title track into a multi-layered cacophony of altered harmonies and contrapuntal rhythms, El'Zabar included radically reworked covers of Charles Wright's "Express Yourself," the Bee Gees' "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart," and Mongo Santamaria's "Afro Blue," amid several originals including "Freedom March," "Jump and Shout (For Those Now Gone)," and "That We Ask of Our Creator." ~ Thom Jurek